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      中华人民共和国反间谍法实施细则

      目  录

        第一章 总则第二章 国家安全机关在反间谍工作中的职权第三章 公民和组织维护国家安全的义务和权利第四章 法律责任第五章 附则

      第一章 总  则

      第一条 根据《中华人民共和国反间谍法》（以下简称《反间谍法》），制定本实施细则。
      第二条 国家安全机关负责本细则的实施。
      公安、保密行政管理等其他有关部门和军队有关部门按照职责分工，密切配合，加强协调，依法做好有关工作。
      第三条 《反间谍法》所称“境外机构、组织”包括境外机构、组织在中华人民共和国境内设立的分支（代表）机构和分支组织；所称“境外个人”包括居住在中华人民共和国境内不具有中华人民共和国国籍的人。
      第四条 《反间谍法》所称“间谍组织代理人”，是指受间谍组织或者其成员的指使、委托、资助，进行或者授意、指使他人进行危害中华人民共和国国家安全活动的人。
      间谍组织和间谍组织代理人由国务院国家安全主管部门确认。
      第五条 《反间谍法》所称“敌对组织”，是指敌视中华人民共和国人民民主专政的政权和社会主义制度，危害国家安全的组织。
      敌对组织由国务院国家安全主管部门或者国务院公安部门确认。
      第六条 《反间谍法》所称“资助”实施危害中华人民共和国国家安全的间谍行为，是指境内外机构、组织、个人的下列行为：
      （一）向实施间谍行为的组织、个人提供经费、场所和物资的；
      （二）向组织、个人提供用于实施间谍行为的经费、场所和物资的。
      第七条 《反间谍法》所称“勾结”实施危害中华人民共和国国家安全的间谍行为，是指境内外组织、个人的下列行为：
      （一）与境外机构、组织、个人共同策划或者进行危害国家安全的间谍活动的；
      （二）接受境外机构、组织、个人的资助或者指使，进行危害国家安全的间谍活动的；
      （三）与境外机构、组织、个人建立联系，取得支持、帮助，进行危害国家安全的间谍活动的。
      第八条 下列行为属于《反间谍法》第三十九条所称“间谍行为以外的其他危害国家安全行为”：
      （一）组织、策划、实施分裂国家、破坏国家统一，颠覆国家政权、推翻社会主义制度的；
      （二）组织、策划、实施危害国家安全的恐怖活动的；
      （三）捏造、歪曲事实，发表、散布危害国家安全的文字或者信息，或者制作、传播、出版危害国家安全的音像制品或者其他出版物的；
      （四）利用设立社会团体或者企业事业组织，进行危害国家安全活动的；
      （五）利用宗教进行危害国家安全活动的；
      （六）组织、利用邪教进行危害国家安全活动的；
      （七）制造民族纠纷，煽动民族分裂，危害国家安全的；
      （八）境外个人违反有关规定，不听劝阻，擅自会见境内有危害国家安全行为或者有危害国家安全行为重大嫌疑的人员的。

      第二章 国家安全机关在反间谍工作中的职权

      第九条 境外个人被认为入境后可能进行危害中华人民共和国国家安全活动的，国务院国家安全主管部门可以决定其在一定时期内不得入境。
      第十条 对背叛祖国、危害国家安全的犯罪嫌疑人，依据《反间谍法》第八条的规定，国家安全机关可以通缉、追捕。
      第十一条 国家安全机关依法执行反间谍工作任务时，有权向有关组织和人员调查询问有关情况。
      第十二条 国家安全机关工作人员依法执行反间谍工作任务时，对发现身份不明、有危害国家安全行为的嫌疑人员，可以检查其随带物品。
      第十三条 国家安全机关执行反间谍工作紧急任务的车辆，可以配置特别通行标志和警灯、警报器。
      第十四条 国家安全机关工作人员依法执行反间谍工作任务的行为，不受其他组织和个人的非法干涉。
      国家安全机关工作人员依法执行反间谍工作任务时，应当出示国家安全部侦察证或者其他相应证件。
      国家安全机关及其工作人员在工作中，应当严格依法办事，不得超越职权、滥用职权，不得侵犯组织和个人的合法权益。

      第三章 公民和组织维护国家安全的义务和权利

      第十五条 机关、团体和其他组织对本单位的人员进行维护国家安全的教育，动员、组织本单位的人员防范、制止间谍行为的工作，应当接受国家安全机关的协调和指导。
      机关、团体和其他组织不履行《反间谍法》和本细则规定的安全防范义务，未按照要求整改或者未达到整改要求的，国家安全机关可以约谈相关负责人，将约谈情况通报该单位上级主管部门，推动落实防范间谍行为和其他危害国家安全行为的责任。
      第十六条 下列情形属于《反间谍法》第七条所称“重大贡献”：
      （一）为国家安全机关提供重要线索，发现、破获严重危害国家安全的犯罪案件的；
      （二）为国家安全机关提供重要情况，防范、制止严重危害国家安全的行为发生的；
      （三）密切配合国家安全机关执行国家安全工作任务，表现突出的；
      （四）为维护国家安全，与危害国家安全的犯罪分子进行斗争，表现突出的；
      （五）在教育、动员、组织本单位的人员防范、制止危害国家安全行为的工作中，成绩显著的。
      第十七条 《反间谍法》第二十四条所称“非法持有属于国家秘密的文件、资料和其他物品”是指：
      （一）不应知悉某项国家秘密的人员携带、存放属于该项国家秘密的文件、资料和其他物品的；
      （二）可以知悉某项国家秘密的人员，未经办理手续，私自携带、留存属于该项国家秘密的文件、资料和其他物品的。
      第十八条 《反间谍法》第二十五条所称“专用间谍器材”，是指进行间谍活动特殊需要的下列器材：
      （一）暗藏式窃听、窃照器材；
      （二）突发式收发报机、一次性密码本、密写工具；
      （三）用于获取情报的电子监听、截收器材；
      （四）其他专用间谍器材。
      专用间谍器材的确认，由国务院国家安全主管部门负责。

      第四章 法律责任

      第十九条 实施危害国家安全的行为，由有关部门依法予以处分，国家安全机关也可以予以警告；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
      第二十条 下列情形属于《反间谍法》第二十七条所称“立功表现”：
      （一）揭发、检举危害国家安全的其他犯罪分子，情况属实的；
      （二）提供重要线索、证据，使危害国家安全的行为得以发现和制止的；
      （三）协助国家安全机关、司法机关捕获其他危害国家安全的犯罪分子的；
      （四）对协助国家安全机关维护国家安全有重要作用的其他行为。
      “重大立功表现”，是指在前款所列立功表现的范围内对国家安全工作有特别重要作用的。
      第二十一条 有证据证明知道他人有间谍行为，或者经国家安全机关明确告知他人有危害国家安全的犯罪行为，在国家安全机关向其调查有关情况、收集有关证据时，拒绝提供的，依照《反间谍法》第二十九条的规定处理。
      第二十二条 国家安全机关依法执行反间谍工作任务时，公民和组织依法有义务提供便利条件或者其他协助，拒不提供或者拒不协助，构成故意阻碍国家安全机关依法执行反间谍工作任务的，依照《反间谍法》第三十条的规定处罚。
      第二十三条 故意阻碍国家安全机关依法执行反间谍工作任务，造成国家安全机关工作人员人身伤害或者财物损失的，应当依法承担赔偿责任，并由司法机关或者国家安全机关依照《反间谍法》第三十条的规定予以处罚。
      第二十四条 对涉嫌间谍行为的人员，国家安全机关可以决定其在一定期限内不得出境。对违反《反间谍法》的境外个人，国务院国家安全主管部门可以决定限期离境或者驱逐出境，并决定其不得入境的期限。被驱逐出境的境外个人，自被驱逐出境之日起10年内不得入境。

      第五章 附  则

      第二十五条 国家安全机关、公安机关依照法律、行政法规和国家有关规定，履行防范、制止和惩治间谍行为以外的其他危害国家安全行为的职责，适用本细则的有关规定。
      第二十六条 本细则自公布之日起施行。1994年6月4日国务院发布的《中华人民共和国国家安全法实施细则》同时废止。

      Implementing Rules of the Anti-Espionage Law of the People’s Republic of China

      Contents

        Chapter I General ProvisionsChapter II Functions and Powers of the State Security Organs in the Work of Anti-EspionageChapter III Duties and Rights of Citizens and OrganizationsChapter IV Legal LiabilityChapter V Supplementary Provisions

      Chapter I General Provisions

      Article 1 These Rules are formulated in accordance with the Anti-Espionage Law of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Anti-Espionage Law).
      Article 2 The state security organs shall be in charge of the implementation of these Rules.
      Other departments such as the public security organs and the administrative departments for guarding secrets, as well as the related military departments shall, based on the division of functions and powers, closely cooperate with one another and enhance coordination in order to accomplish relevant work in accordance with law.
      Article 3 The “institutions or organizations outside the territory” as referred to in the Anti-Espionage Law shall include the branches (representatives) established within the territory of the People’s Republic of China by the institutions or organizations outside the territory;
      The “individuals outside the territory” shall include those persons who reside in the People’s Republic of China but without the nationality of the People’s Republic of China.
      Article 4 The “espionage organization’s agent” as referred to in the Anti-Espionage Law means a person instigated, entrusted or financed by an espionage organization or by its member to commit, or incite and instigate other persons to commit, acts endangering state security of the People’s Republic of China.
      The department in charge of state security under the State Council shall be in charge of the identification of the espionage organizations and their agents.
      Article 5 The “hostile organization” as referred to in the Anti-Espionage Law means an organization which is hostile to the state power of the people’s democratic dictatorship and socialist system of the People’s Republic of China and endangers the security of the state.
      The department in charge of state security under the State Council or the department in charge of public security under the State Council shall be in charge of the identification of hostile organizations.
      Article 6 “Financial support” for espionage conducts endangering state security of the People’s Republic of China as referred to in the Anti-Espionage Law means the following activities conducted by institutions, organizations, or individuals within and outside the territory:
      (1) Providing funds, sites or materials to organizations or individuals who engage in espionage conducts;
      (2) Providing funds, sites or materials to be used for engaging espionage conducts to organizations or individuals.
      Article 7 Being “in collusion with…” in committing espionage conducts endangering state security as referred to in the Anti-Espionage Law means the following activities conducted by organizations or individuals within and outside the territory:
      (1) Plotting or committing espionage activities endangering state security in association with institutions, organizations or individuals outside the territory;
      (2) Accepting financial support or instigation from institutions, organizations or individuals outside the territory to conduct espionage conducts endangering state security;
      (3) Establishing relations with and obtaining support and assistance from institutions, organizations or individuals outside the territory to conduct espionage activities endangering state security.
      Article 8 The following shall fall into “acts endangering state security other than espionage conducts” as referred to in Article 39 of the Anti-Espionage Law:
      (1) Organizing, plotting or committing activities to dismember the state, undermine national unity, subvert the state power and overthrow the socialist system;
      (2) Organizing, plotting or committing terrorist activities endangering state security;
      (3) Fabricating or distorting facts, or publishing and spreading writings and information, or manufacturing, distributing and publishing audio and video products and other publications in order to endangering state security;
      (4) Committing conducts endangering state security through setting up social organizations, enterprises or institutional organizations;
      (5) Making use of religion to engage in activities endangering state security;
      (6) Committing conducts endangering state security by organizing and employing heretical cult organizations;
      (7) Committing conducts endangering state security by fomenting disputes among ethnic groups or inciting ethnic separatism;
      (8) Any person outside the territory who, in violation of relevant regulations and without paying heed to dissuasion, willfully meets with any person within the territory who have conducted activities endangering state security or being strongly suspected of doing so.

      Chapter II Functions and Powers of the State Security Organs in the Work of Anti-Espionage

      Article 9 The department in charge of state security under the State Council may decide not to allow any person outside the territory, who is regarded as likely to engage in activities endangering state security of the People’s Republic of China after entering the territory, to enter the territory for a certain period of time.
      Article 10 The state security organs may, in accordance with the provisions of Article 8 of the Anti-Espionage Law, list as wanted and pursue and capture the suspects having betrayed the country and endangering state security.
      Article 11 The state security organs shall have the right, when carrying out according to law a task for anti-espionage, to investigate or inquire about relevant matters with any organizations and individual concerned.
      Article 12 Any functionary of a state security organ, when carrying out according to law a task for anti-espionage, may have the right to inspect the personal articles carried by any unidentified person who is suspected of having conducted activities endangering state security.
      Article l3 The vehicles of the state security organs, when used to carry out an urgent task for anti-espionage, may be equipped with a special pass sign as well as a warning lamp and an alarm.
      Article 14 Any functionary of a state security organ shall not be interfered unlawfully by any other organization or individual in his or her acts to carry out according to law a task for anti-espionage.
      Any functionary of a state security organ, when carrying out according to law a task for anti-espionage, shall produce a reconnaissance certificate issued by the Ministry of State Security or other appropriate certificate.
      The state security organs and their functionaries, in their work for state security, shall act strictly according to law, and refrain from overstepping or abusing their powers and infringing upon the legitimate rights and interests of any organization or individual.

      Chapter III Duties and Rights of Citizens and Organizations

      Article 15 State organs, organizations and other institutions shall accept coordination and guidance from the state security organs in their work to educate their personnel with regard to the maintenance of state security, and mobilize and organize them to prevent and check espionage conducts.
      If any state organs, organizations and other institutions do not perform the security and prevention obligations as prescribed by the Anti-Espionage Law and these Rules and engage in rectification as required or meet the requirements, or do not meet the requirements of rectification, the state security organs may interview relevant persons in charge, report the interview to the higher authority in charge of the unit interviewed and urge it to implement the obligations of preventing espionage conducts and other acts endangering state security.
      Article 16 The following shall fall into the “significant contribution” as referred to in Article 7 of the Anti-Espionage Law:
      (1) Providing important clues to the state security organs for finding and uncovering of criminal cases seriously endangering state security;
      (2) Providing important information about circumstances to the state security organs for preventing or checking the occurrence of acts seriously endangering state security;
      (3) Cooperating closely with the state security organs in carrying out tasks for state security, and showing outstanding merit in doing so;
      (4) Fighting against the criminals endangering state security in order to safeguard the state security, and showing outstanding merit in doing so;
      (5) Having outstanding achievements in educating, mobilizing and organizing the personnel of one’s own unit to prevent or check the occurrence of acts endangering state security.
      Article 17 The expression “unlawfully hold any document,material or other articles that are classified as state secrets” as referred to in Article 24 of the Anti-Espionage Law means the following:
      (1) A person who is not entitled to know a certain state secret is found to bring with him or her or store up any document, material or other articles pertaining to that state secret;
      (2) A person though entitled to know a certain state secret is found, without going through any necessary formalities, to privately bring with him or her or store up any document, material or other articles pertaining to that state secret.
      Article 18 The term “specialized espionage equipment or devices” as referred to in Article 25 of the Anti-Espionage Law means the following equipment or devices specially for espionage activities:
      (1) Hidden eavesdropping device or camera;
      (2) Burst transceiver, one-shot pad for cipher code, or secret writing devices;
      (3) Electronic surveillance and intercepting devices specially used for acquiring intelligence;
      (4) Other specialized espionage equipment or devices.
      Specialized espionage equipment or devices shall be defined by the department in charge of state security under the State Council.

      Chapter IV Legal Liability

      Article 19 Where an act endangering state security does not constitute a crime, the offender shall be given administrative sanctions by relevant departments according to law, the state security organs may also give him or her a warning or reprimand; where the offence constitutes a crime, the offender shall be prosecuted for criminal liability in accordance with law.
      Article 20 The following shall fall into the “meritorious service” as referred to in Article 27 of the Anti-Espionage Law:
      (1) Exposing or reporting other criminals who endanger state security, and the exposure and reporting is proved true;
      (2) Providing important clues or evidences, thereby activities endangering state security are discovered and checked;
      (3) Providing assistance to the state security organs or judicial organs to capture other criminals who endanger state security; or
      (4) Other acts of great help for the state security organs to safeguard state security.
      “Significant meritorious service” refers to a service within the above-enumerated scopes that is of especially great help to the state security work.
      Article 21 If there is evidence which proves that a person knows other persons’ criminal activities endangering state security, or after he or she has been informed explicitly by the state security organs of other persons’ criminal activities endangering state security, he or she shall be punished according to the provisions of Article 29 of the Anti-Espionage Law on condition that he or she refuses to provide the information while a state security organ investigates the relevant circumstances or gathers the relevant evidences from him or her.
      Article 22 Citizens and organizations have the duty, according to law, to provide convenience or other assistance to any state security organ that is carrying out according to law tasks for state security; any person or organization that refuses to provide such convenience or assistance and thereby commits an offence of obstructing on purpose the state security organ to carry out according to law tasks for anti-espionage shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 30 of the Anti-Espionage Law.
      Article 23 Whoever obstructs on purpose the state security organ to carry out according to law tasks for anti-espionage and thereby causes personal injuries or property damages or losses to the functionary of the state security organ, shall be responsible for compensation according to law, and shall also be punished by the judicial organ or the state security organ in accordance with the provisions of Article 30 of the Anti-Espionage Law.
      Article 24 With regard to person suspected of espionage, state security organs can decide on a period of time during which the suspect cannot leave the country; for individuals outside the territory who violate the Anti-Espionage Law, the department in charge of state security under the State Council can decide on the deadline for their departure or expel them, and decide on the time period in which they cannot re-enter this country. Those individuals outside the territory expelled cannot re-enter this country within 10 years starting from the date they are expelled.

      Chapter V Supplementary Provisions

      Article 25 Where a state security organ or public security organ performs the duty of preventing, checking or punishing acts endangering state security other than espionage conducts according to relevant laws, administrative regulations and state provisions, the relevant provisions of these Rules shall be applicable.
      Article 26 These Rules shall enter into force as of the date of promulgation. The Implementing Rules of the State Security Law of the People’s Republic of China promulgated on June 4, 1994 by the State Council shall be annulled at the same time.
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